树莓派Raspberry Pi Debug Probe教程

About the Debug Probe

The Raspberry Pi Debug Probe is a USB device that provides both a UART serial port and a standard Arm Serial Wire Debug (SWD) interface. The probe is designed for easy, solderless, plug-and-play debugging. It has the following features:

USB to ARM Serial Wire Debug (SWD) port
USB to UART bridge
Compatible with the CMSIS-DAP standard
Works with OpenOCD and other tools supporting CMSIS-DAP
Open source, easily upgradeable firmware

NOTE	For more information on the Raspberry Pi three-pin debug connector see the specification.

This makes it easy to use a Raspberry Pi Pico on non-Raspberry Pi platforms such as Windows, Mac, and “normal” Linux computers, where you don’t have a GPIO header to connect directly to the Pico’s serial UART or SWD port.

The Debug Probe

The probe operates at 3.3V nominal I/O voltage.

Included with the Debug Probe is a USB power cable and three debug cables:

3-pin JST connector to 3-pin JST connector cable
3-pin JST connector to 0.1-inch header (female)
3-pin JST connector to 0.1-inch header (male)

The two 0.1-inch header cables — intended for breadboard (male) or direct connection to a board with header pins (female) — are coloured as below:

Orange: TX/SC (Output from Probe)
Black: GND
Yellow: RX/SD (Input to Probe or I/O)

While the cable with 3-pin JST connectors is intended to be used with the standard 3-pin connector which newer Raspberry Pi boards use for the SWD debug port and UART connectors.

The Debug Probe has five LEDs, a red LED to indicate power, and four more activity indicator LEDs

NOTE	OpenOCD just switches both DAP LEDs on when the target is connected, and turns them off when it calls `DAP_DISCONNECT`.

Installing Tools

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Before we get started we need to install some tools.

Installing OpenOCD

You need to install OpenOCD.

NOTE	SMP support for debugging on both RP2040 cores is not yet available in the release version of `openocd`. However, support is available in the `rp2040` branch and will be enabled if you build from source.

Linux (and Raspberry Pi)

On Raspberry Pi OS you can install openocd directly from the command line.

$ sudo apt install openocd

You need to be running OpenOCD version 0.11.0 or 0.12.0 to have support for the Debug Probe. If you’re not running Raspberry Pi OS, or your distribution installs an older version, or require SMP support, you can build and install openocd from source.

Start by installing needed dependencies,

$ sudo apt install automake autoconf build-essential texinfo libtool libftdi-dev libusb-1.0-0-dev

and then build OpenOCD.

$ git clone https://github.com/raspberrypi/openocd.git --branch rp2040 --depth=1 --no-single-branch
$ cd openocd
$ ./bootstrap
$ ./configure
$ make -j4
$ sudo make install

NOTE	If you are building on a Raspberry Pi you can also pass `--enable-sysfsgpio --enable-bcm2835gpio` when you `./configure` to allow bit-banging SWD via the GPIO pins. See Chapters 5 and 6 of Getting Started with Raspberry Pi Pico for more details.

macOS

Install Homebrew if needed,

$ /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"

and then OpenOCD.

$ brew install open-ocd

Alternatively you can install needed dependencies,

$ brew install libtool automake libusb wget pkg-config gcc texinfo

and build OpenOCD from source.

$ cd ~/pico
$ git clone https://github.com/raspberrypi/openocd.git --branch rp2040 --depth=1
$ cd openocd
$ export PATH="/usr/local/opt/texinfo/bin:$PATH"
$ ./bootstrap
$ ./configure --disable-werror
$ make -j4
$ sudo make install

NOTE	If you are using a newer Arm-based Mac, the path to `texinfo` will be `/opt/homebrew/opt/texinfo/bin`.

NOTE	Unfortunately `disable-werror` is needed because not everything compiles cleanly on macOS

MS Windows

A standalone OpenOCD Windows package is available for download. Alternatively it will be installed as part of our Pico setup for Windows installer package.

But, if you want to, you can also build OpenOCD from source using MSYS2. Go ahead and download and run the MSYS2 installer, and then update the package database and core system packages,

$ pacman -Syu

NOTE	If MSYS2 closes, start it again (making sure you select the 64-bit version) and run `pacman -Su` to finish the update.

Install required dependencies,

$ pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain git make libtool pkg-config autoconf automake texinfo
mingw-w64-x86_64-libusb

Pick all when installing the mingw-w64-x86_64 toolchain by pressing ENTER.

Close MSYS2 and reopen the 64-bit version to make sure the environment picks up GCC,

$ git clone https://github.com/raspberrypi/openocd.git --branch rp2040 --depth=1
$ cd openocd
$ ./bootstrap
$ ./configure --disable-werror
$ make -j4

NOTE	Unfortunately `disable-werror` is needed because not everything compiles cleanly on Windows

NOTE	Manual installation of `openocd` on MS Windows is not recommended.

Installing GDB

We also need to install the GNU debugger (GDB).

Linux (and Raspberry Pi)

Install gdb-multiarch.

$ sudo apt install gdb-multiarch

macOS

Install Homebrew if needed,

$ /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"

then install gdb.

$ brew install gdb

NOTE	You can safely ignore the request for "special privileges" messages on installation.

IMPORTANT

If you have an Arm-based (M1-based) Mac gdb is not available via Homebrew, instead you will either have to install it from source or use lldb instead of gdb. At this time there is no official support from the developers for running GDB on Arm-based Macs. Support for GDB can be found on the GDB mailing list on Sourceware.org. lldb is installed as part of the Xcode Command Line Tools.

MS Windows

GDB is available as part of our Pico setup for Windows installer. It is also included in the Arm GNU Toolchain Downloads.

Alternatively information about manual installation can be found in Chapter 9 and Appendix A of our Getting Started with Raspberry Pi Pico book.

NOTE	Manual installation of GDB on Windows is not recommended.

Getting started

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Depending on your setup, there are several ways to wire the Debug Probe to a Raspberry Pi Pico. Below, we connect the Debug Probe to a Raspberry Pi Pico H which has the newer three-pin JST connector for SWD.

Here we have connected:

The Debug Probe "D" connector to Pico H SWD JST connector
The Debug Probe "U" connector has the three-pin JST connector to 0.1-inch header
- Debug Probe RX connected to Pico H TX pin
- Debug Probe TX connected to Pico H RX pin
- Debug Probe GND connected to Pico H GND pin

Serial Wire Debug (SWD)

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Serial Wire Debug (SWD) is a two-pin interface (SWDIO and SWCLK) alternative to the JTAG four- or five-pin debugging interface standard.

Uploading new programs to your Pico

The Pico Debug Probe will let you load binaries via the SWD port and OpenOCD: you will not need to unplug, and then push-and-hold, the BOOTSEL button every time you push a new binary to your Pico. Using the Debug Probe uploading new binaries is an entirely hands off affair.

Once you have built a binary:

$  sudo openocd -f interface/cmsis-dap.cfg -f target/rp2040.cfg -c "adapter speed 5000" -c "program blink.elf verify reset exit"

NOTE	When you use the Debug Probe to upload a binary the ELF version of the file is used, not the UF2 file that you would use when you drag-and-drop.

Debugging with SWD

It’ll also let you use openocd in server mode, and connect GDB, which gives you break points and “proper” debugging.

IMPORTANT

To allow debugging, you must build your binaries as Debug rather than Release build type, e.g.

$ cd ~/pico/pico-examples/
$ rm -rf build
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ export PICO_SDK_PATH=../../pico-sdk
$ cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug ..
$ cd blink
$ make -j4

In a debug build you will get more information when you run it under the debugger, as the compiler builds your program with the information to tell GDB what your program is doing.

See Chapter 6 of Getting started with Raspberry Pi Pico for more information.

Run OpenOCD 'server' ready to attach GDB to:

$ sudo openocd -f interface/cmsis-dap.cfg -f target/rp2040.cfg -c "adapter speed 5000"

Then open a second terminal window, switch to the directory containing your built binary, and start GDB.

$ gdb blink.elf
> target remote localhost:3333
> monitor reset init
> continue

NOTE	On non-Raspberry Pi Linux platforms you should invoke GDB by using `gdb-multiarch blink.elf`.

NOTE	If you are on an Arm-based (M1) Mac without `gdb`, you can make use of `lldb`, which is installed along with the XCode Command Line Tools. The syntax used by `lldb` is slightly different to `gdb`. $ lldb blink.elf (lldb) gdb-remote 3333 (lldb) process plugin packet monitor reset (lldb) continue

Serial connections

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Ensure that the Debug Probe is connected to the UART pins of your Raspberry Pi Pico.

The default pins for Raspberry Pi Pico UART0 are as follows:

Default UART0	Physical Pin	GPIO Pin
GND	3	N/A
UART0_TX	1	GP0
UART0_RX	2	GP1

Default UART0

Physical Pin

GPIO Pin

GND

N/A

UART0_TX

GP0

UART0_RX

GP1

Once connected, traffic over the Raspberry Pi Pico’s UART will be relayed to your computer by the Debug Probe and exposed as a CDC UART. On a Raspberry Pi this will show up as /dev/ttyACM0; on other platforms this serial port will show up differently (e.g. on macOS it will appear as /dev/cu.usbmodemXXXX).

If you have not already done so you should install minicom:

$ sudo apt install minicom

and open the serial port:

$ minicom -b 115200 -o -D /dev/ttyACM0

TIP	To exit `minicom`, use CTRL-A followed by X.

To test serial communication you can build and upload the "Hello World" example application.

Change directory into the hello_world directory inside the pico-examples tree, and run make. Afterwards, you can upload it to your Raspberry Pi Pico using openocd. For a full walkthrough of building the hello_serial example program, see Chapter 4 of Getting started with Raspberry Pi Pico.

$ cd pico-examples
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ export PICO_SDK_PATH=../../pico-sdk
$ cmake ..
$ cd hello_world/serial
$ make -j4
$ sudo openocd -f interface/cmsis-dap.cfg -f target/rp2040.cfg -c "adapter speed 5000" -c "program hello_serial.elf verify reset exit"
$ minicom -b 115200 -o -D /dev/ttyACM0

On opening minicom you should see "Hello, world!" printed to the console.

For terminal programs that support it, a description of the USB serial UART is advertised in the USB device description.

The unique serial number in this description means that on Windows your COM port numbering is "sticky" per device, and will allow you to write udev rules to associate a named device node with a particular Debug Probe.

Updating the firmware on the Debug Probe

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NOTE	There is currently no newer version of the firmware. The firmware running on your Debug Probe is the latest available. If you have accidentally overwritten the firmware on your Debug Probe, the latest release of the firmware can be found on Github.

From time to time you may need to update the Debug Probe firmware. New firmware for the debug probe will be made available as a UF2 file distributed by Raspberry Pi.

Pinch to remove the top of the Debug Probe enclosure, then push and hold the BOOTSEL button as you plug the Debug Probe into your computer. This will mount an RPI-RP2 volume on your desktop. Drag-and-drop the firmware UF2 onto the RPI-RP2 volume. The firmware will be copied to the Debug Probe and the volume will dismount.

Your Debug Probe will reboot. You are now running an updated version of the Debug Probe firmware.

斑梨电子

树莓派Raspberry Pi Debug Probe教程

About the Debug Probe

The Debug Probe

Installing Tools

Installing OpenOCD

Linux (and Raspberry Pi)

macOS

MS Windows

Installing GDB

Linux (and Raspberry Pi)

macOS

MS Windows

Getting started

Serial Wire Debug (SWD)

Uploading new programs to your Pico

Debugging with SWD

Serial connections

Updating the firmware on the Debug Probe

Schematics

树莓派Pico RP2040官方原装USB串口调试套件Raspberry Pi Debug Probe